Thursday, October 30, 2025

The Erie Canal Turns 200

 From German Girls Genealogy (Teresa Steinkamp McMillin & Debra A. Hoffman):

 

This week, the Erie Canal celebrates the 200th anniversary of its completion on 26 October 1825. It stretched from Buffalo, New York to Albany, New York, where it connected to the Hudson River. On that day, New York’s Governor Clinton began a celebratory voyage along the new canal from Buffalo to New York City.[1]

 

"Erie Canal 1840"[2]



The Erie Canal was a significant achievement in US transportation. It ultimately connected the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes. It made the port of New York the most popular for immigration. In a time before trains, the canal offered settlers the fastest way into the Midwest.[3]

 

Read more at the Erie Canalway National Heritage Corridor: https://eriecanalway.org/bicentennial.

Also see this article at Buffalo Waterfront: https://buffalowaterfront.com/erie-canal/history.   

 

 

 

 



[1] “The Erie Canal Turns 200 in 2025,” webpage, Erie Canalway National Heritage Corridor (https://eriecanalway.org/bicentennial : accessed October 2025).

[2] “Erie Canal 1840,” Wikimedia (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Erie-canal_1840_map.jpg).

[3] “Baltimore & Ohio Railroad,” article, Encyclopedia of Cleveland History (https://case.edu/ech/articles/b/baltimore-ohio-railroad : accessed October 2025). The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was chartered in 1827.

Monday, October 27, 2025

Gen 1: Mary Jane Beal - Friendship Cemetery

 What are the origins of Johann Nicholas Biehl?

Last week we kicked off the research project with the end goal of identifying the German origins of Johann Nicholas Biehl. You can find that post here

 

I introduced the first generation we are going to start on which is Mary Jane Beal. I had visited the cemetery where she was buried in 2024 and photographed the tombstone. 

 


Friendship Cemetery, Springdale, Arkansas

 

Friendship Cemetery is located at 1980 E. Friendship Road in Springdale, Arkansas. The cemetery had its beginning with the Friendship United Baptist Church of Christ, which was organized on 29 May 1847. The cemetery appears to have been founded in 1860 when property was purchased, and a new church building was built. The original church was a log building.[1] Mary Jane’s tombstone is in the “original cemetery section” of the cemetery near the church.[2] There is a tombstone transcription project of the “Old Original Cemetery Section” being done by Rosa Cline. This project was started in 2002 and includes the four Henry graves that will be discussed below.[3] As shown in the photo, the graves are in a line starting with Mary Jane’s.

 


Tombstones

 


Based on the tombstone, it appears that Mary Jane may have gone by her middle name, Jane, as her tombstone is inscribed “Jane M.” Here is the transcription:

 

“[Image of bible with the words “HOLY BIBLE”]

JANE M.

Wife of

Jas. Henry

BORN

Feb. 15, 1828.

DIED

Nov. 8, 1876.

A loving wife, a mother

dear, a faithful friend

lies buried here.

[Merley & Son?]

Fayetteville”[4]

 

I compared this to the transcription project information, and it matches except they transcribed her birth year erroneously as 1826 while it is clearly 1828 as you can see when you compare the “6” in 1876 to the “8” in 1828. When they transcribed the tombstone, the transcriber considered the verse at the bottom to be illegible.

 

The other Henry tombstones that were to the right of Jane’s are:

 


“[Image of clasped hands]

ALBERT B.

Son of

J. & M. J. Henry

BORN

Apr. 28, 1855,

DIED

Dec. 20, 1877.

“The Lord giveth & the Lord

taketh away. Blessed be the

name of the Lord.”[5]

 



“[Image of bird]

ELIZA R.

Wife of 

Jas. Henry

BORN

Jan. 15, 1837.

DIED

July 31, 1893.

She was a faithful wife, a

a loving mother, a [Zelous?]

Christian, She was loved

by many & respected

by all.”[6]

 



“JAMES HENRY

1822   1910

ARK. MOUNTED INF. VOL.

1847   1848”[7]

 

From the tombstones, we can summarize the information as follows:

 

James Henry was born in 1822 and died in 1910. He served in the Arkansas Mounted Inf. Volunteers from 1847 to 1848. He had at least two wives. His first wife may have been Jane M. Henry, who was born 15 February 1828 and died 8 November 1876. James and Mary Jane Henry had a son named Albert B. Henry. He was born 28 April 1855 and died 20 December 1877. James Henry’s second wife may have been Eliza R. Henry, who was born 15 January 1837 and died 31 July 1893.

 

To continue research, we want to access all the available census records. We also want to obtain marriage records and James reportedly had military service during the Mexican War.

 

Next up: Continuing the research with census records for Mary Jane Henry and her husband, James.



[1] “Our History,” Origins of Friendship Cemetery, Friendship Cemetery Association (https://www.gofriendship.com/our_history : accessed 21 October 2025).

[2] “Cemetery Block/Section Map,” Friendship Cemetery Association (https://img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/5bc3afc5-4fd7-4304-9635-235d358090ad/Friendship%20Block-Section%20Map-0002.pdf : accessed 21 October 2025).

[3] “Old Original Cemetery Section by Rosa Cline,” Friendship Cemetery Association (https://sites.rootsweb.com/~arcemete/washington/friendship-old.htm : accessed 21 October 2025). I found errors in the transcriptions of the Henry tombstones.

[4] Jane M. Henry tombstone, Original Cemetery Section, Friendship Cemetery, Springdale, Arkansas; photographed by Debra A. Hoffman on 26 August 2024.

[5] Albert B. Henry tombstone, Original Cemetery Section, Friendship Cemetery, Springdale, Arkansas; photographed by Debra A. Hoffman on 26 August 2024

[6] Eliza R. Henry tombstone, Original Cemetery Section, Friendship Cemetery, Springdale, Arkansas; photographed by Debra A. Hoffman on 26 August 2024

[7] James Henry tombstone, Original Cemetery Section, Friendship Cemetery, Springdale, Arkansas; photographed by Debra A. Hoffman on 26 August 2024

Thursday, October 23, 2025

Learning from Case Studies

 From German Girls Genealogy (Teresa Steinkamp McMillin & Debra A. Hoffman):

 

This week, we have finished the second day of our German Phase 1: Identify the German Hometown. We have a wonderful class with engaged students. Locating the German town of origin can be a challenging research journey. One of the ways to learn effective methodology is to study the published articles and case studies from those that have been successful.

 

One of those researchers is the late John T. Humphrey, who sadly died in 2012. He has published several articles that can be instructive in how to research German immigrants. Two of them are linked below:

 

·      “Establishing the German Origins of Several Northampton County Settlers,” online at https://genpa.org/wp-content/uploads/publications/pennsylvania-genealogical-magazine/PGM_Volume_38_Number_1_pages_005-039.pdf

·      “Identifying Victims of an Indian Massacre,” online at https://genpa.org/wp-content/uploads/publications/pennsylvania-genealogical-magazine/PGM_Volume_41_Number_2_pages_101-119.pdf

 

Studying the methodology and sources used in the above articles can be instructional and can inform how we plan our research.

Monday, October 20, 2025

Gen 1: Mary Jane Beal

What are the origins of Johann Nicholas Biehl?

I hope you will follow along with me as we start on this research project. I expect it will be informative and provide examples of the challenges in researching early German immigrants; in this case one that probably arrived in the 1700s and initially settled in Pennsylvania before he and his descendants migrated to Maryland, Virginia, Tennessee, and Arkansas. You can follow the blog posts on this website, which will be filed under the Johann Nicholas Biehl tag. Let’s get started!

Surname Variants

As we work back through the generations to the first immigrant ancestor, we are going to encounter many surname variations for Biehl. Over time, it appears that the surname became regularly rendered as Beal or Beall. I have recorded 14 variants so far: Bale, Beal, Beale, Bealle, Beeil, Beel, Beil, Bell, Beyl, Biehl, Biel, Bihl, Bill, and Peel. In German, the letter B and the letter P can sound similar, which is why the surname Peel is included. Recording all the surname variants will ensure I thoroughly look in indexes and don’t miss an entry. Interestingly, FamilySearch indicates that the surname is likely English or French. It does not mention German.

Mary Jane Beal

Mary Jane Beal is the first generation we are going to start with and trace back with the intent of documenting the immigrant ancestor and determining their origins in Germany. Based on current information, the ancestral line should be Mary Jane Beal > Peter Beal > Johannes Beal > Johann Nicholas Biehl. The goal is to thoroughly research and confirm each generation as we go along. I have researched intermittently on these generations in the past, but have not properly documented the individuals, so it is time to start over and do it right.

First Steps

The first steps when starting any research project is to gather the starting point information. No family documents have come down through my family. We will be determining her birth, marriage, death, and parentage information. Of course, since she is a female who lived in the 1800s, we will also have to thoroughly research her husband, James Henry, as well. I visited the cemetery where Mary Jane (Beal) Henry was buried in Arkansas in 2024. The tombstone was not in great shape, but it was still legible.[1]


Source Survey

To get some clues, FamilySearch’s Family Tree provides some starting information and references an 1849 marriage, census records, and cemetery records (Find a Grave).[2] The census is a good place to start. Val D. Greenwood notes that “no research on an American family history problem that is centered in any time period since the beginning of the census is complete until all pertinent census schedules have been consulted.”[3]

Next up: Documenting our background and starting information beginning with the tombstone and census records.



[1] Jane M. Henry tombstone, Friendship Cemetery, Springdale, Arkansas; photographed by Debra A. Hoffman on 26 August 2024.

[2] “Mary Jane Beal,” ID no. LZKB-LVL, Family tree, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/en/tree/person/sources/LZKB-6VL : accessed 20 October 2025).

[3] Val D. Greenwood, The Researcher’s Guide to American Genealogy, 4th ed. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2017), 315.

Friday, October 17, 2025

German Society of Maryland

 From German Girls Genealogy (Teresa Steinkamp McMillin & Debra A. Hoffman):

 

The German Society of Maryland was founded in 1783 and is still in existence over 242 years later. Their stated purpose on the website is to “preserve and promote the German heritage, language, and traditions through educational, social and benevolent programs; and to develop the unity and continuity of the German American community in the State of Maryland.” Their website can be accessed at https://germansociety-md.com.

 

Their website provides historical information noting that the Society was founded in 1783 but received its corporate charter from the Maryland Legislature in 1818. Two articles have been written about the Society’s history and can be accessed online

 

·      Wust, Klaus G. Pioneers in Service: The History of the German Society of Maryland, 1783–1981. This article can be accessed at https://germansociety-md.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/pioneers.pdf

·      Mruck, Armin. Two Hundred Years: The German Society of Maryland. This article can be accessed at https://germansociety-md.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Armin.pdf

The Maryland State Archives (MSA) in Annapolis has in their Special Collections the “German Society of Maryland Collection” on microfilm. It has been digitized, so that it can be accessed onsite at the MSA; however, it is not available to access from home. The collection dates from 1854. 

 

The collection contains two series:

 

·      Series 1: Passenger Lists, Transcripts. This series contains 101 items.

·      Series 2: Documents. This series contains 37 items.


These records offered many surprise findings, such as a travel diary containing genealogical family information for several generations, and are well worth exploring!

 

Teresa Steinkamp McMillin wrote a complementary post on Midwest German aid societies. See her blog at https://lindstreet.blog.

Monday, October 13, 2025

Tomorrow is the big day -- German Phase 1 begins!

Teresa and I are so excited to be offering our German Phase 1 course as part of the Salt Lake Institute of Genealogy's (SLIG) fall lineup.

We will be spending the next five weeks supporting our students on their quest to find their German immigrant's hometown.



Thursday, October 2, 2025

Finding Church Records in US

From German Girls Genealogy (Teresa Steinkamp McMillin & Debra A. Hoffman):

In the last few posts, we’ve talked about the importance of church records in the US for finding a German town of origin. In today’s post, I’ll give you some tips on how to find those church records.

 

Identify their Affiliation

The first step is to identify, if possible, their religious affiliation. You might already know that based on oral tradition. A clue might come from a civil marriage record, if available. If they were married by a minister, determine with what church he was affiliated. County histories are a great way to find that information. Histories of churches in the area where they lived are another resource to consider. Clues about their affiliation might also be gleaned from an obituary or from the cemetery in which they are buried.

 

Identify Possible Churches

The next step is the church. If a large city, use city directories. If a rural area, use county or regional histories. Each of these publications typically has a section for churches. Identify the churches that were in operation during the time in question. 

 

When a family lived in a more remote area, their children might have been baptized at a church unrelated to their affiliation. When in a city where many churches were available, they likely attended a church not only aligned with their affiliation, but with their country of origin. For example, if they were Germans and Lutheran, they would have attended a German Lutheran church, not a Swedish Lutheran church. Use clues from census records and city directories to determine which churches might have been closest to them.

 

Find the Records

At this point, you might have a few churches that are possible or you might have only one. Now you need to find the records for those churches. Determine if the church is still open. If so, start by contacting them.

 

If not, I always start with FamilySearch. Look in their catalog by place name (the county and/or town where the church was located). If you don’t find them, there are many more options.

 

Check other major websites such as Findmypast or Ancestry. They have a few significant holdings, though church records are not necessarily their strength. 

 

Many church records are not online. That doesn’t mean they’re not accessible. Check the archives of that denomination. You might have to do a little digging to find this information. Check the FamilySearch Wiki for the denomination in question. Many religious denominations have split, merged, and otherwise changed over time. See “Family Trees for American Religions” for more information.

 

Check the holdings of local libraries, historical and genealogical societies. Check local and state 

archives. Consult genealogical research guides for the area. Check Worldcat for published records.

 

With a little perseverance, you have a good chance of finding the records you need. The rewards can be great!